How Can You Optimise Call Routing?

Diabolocom discusses current methods of call routing before predicting the future; call routing based on customer knowledge.

The objective of an optimal routing strategy is very simple: to ensure that the call of any customer is directed to the advisor, or group of advisors, who can respond as quickly and appropriately as possible.

Logically, this implies two things: 1) knowing who calls AND why; and 2) who is competent AND available at the given moment to answer.

Without answers – in real time – to these questions, the rate of calls directed to the right person is likely to drop, and with it the rate of customer satisfaction…

A brief overview of techniques to optimise call routing and, as a result, improve both the working environment of advisors and customer satisfaction.

The “Old School” Technique, But Not Outdated

The technique most widely used by call centres consists in setting up an interactive voice response (IVR) that lists the customer’s choices and attaches a group of agents to each choice. This method has been widely criticised, even caricatured.

However, it does not lack efficiency if you know how to limit yourself to 1 or 2 voice menus, each presenting three or four possible choices.

Beyond that, the customer feels lost or trapped, especially if they have the impression that none of the choices offered correspond to their request…

From our point of view, this type of routing has a double advantage: first, it allows the customer to choose during each call, which avoids locking them into a status that no longer corresponds to their case.

For example, this prevents calls from a customer previously identified as “at risk” from being systematically directed to the “loyalty” department, whereas this customer may very well have another reason for calling: they have encountered a technical problem with the equipment purchased, want to report a change of address or change the appointment date with a technician.

The second advantage, if the proposed choices are explicit and relevant, is of course the pre-qualification of the vast majority of calls.

On the one hand, this allows for specialised agent groups and, on the other hand, it provides the ability to analyse incoming traffic a posteriori to discover the reasons for calls in order to strengthen certain groups or to tackle the root of the problem which motivates certain call categories.

When used properly, IVR remains a good strategy, especially if you have a telephony solution that allows you to modify your scenarios and menus independently – that is, without having to use a technical profile each time you want to change a statement or restructure your customer journey.

The Technique That Is (Re)gaining Ground

This is voice recognition: instead of making choices by pressing the keys on the phone, the voice server asks the customer to state their need orally and directs the call to the appropriate group of agents.

In the 1990s, there was a certain enthusiasm in large service companies for this method, which was considered a priori less tedious for customers than traditional IVRs.

Except that speech recognition techniques were not very effective, so customer statements were often not understood, even when they were restricted to a list of words previously listed by the IVR (to pay your bill, say “pay”, etc.)

With older technologies, for this device to work, it was necessary either to drastically limit the number of possible items or to build vast phonetic libraries taking into account the accents and multiple possible deformations of the items.

For example, in the travel industry, if you ask the customer to state the name of the airline in order to route the call to the airline’s load centre, you are exposed to a high error rate, as customers may not know the exact name of their company or the may pronounce it with an unlisted accent…

The result equated to frustration for the customer when they were told “I didn’t understand” by a robotic voice, or had difficulty integrating new variables and variations into the library and, ultimately, inefficient routing…

Since then, voice recognition has made enormous progress and this voice-based routing technique, which many thought would disappear, has seen a real rebound in the last year or two with voicebots.

Theoretically, voicebots are based on an artificial intelligence engine that “understands” natural language. But let’s not delude ourselves about the real mechanisms: most actors who succeed in understanding a broad spectrum of natural language statements and formulations actually go through the text, quite simply because text is easier to analyse than voice and there are many more extensive textual corpora.

Voice recognition is therefore more like “speech-to-text” for the analysis of requests and “text-to-speech” for the steps of confirming the correct understanding of these requests.

The speed of the motors makes it transparent to the user, provided that the learning curve of a robot of this type is taken into account. It is necessary to educate it, feed it, analyse its errors, and “show” it where it has made mistakes so that it does not make the same mistakes…

In short, it takes a lot of human work and resources before reaching a satisfactory level of efficiency from an operational point of view.

Fully Automated Level 1 Services?

If we look at the companies that are turning to this type of solution, we see that they are less interested in using the voicebot to route calls to advisors than in fully automating certain services where the human contribution is low.

For example, if the customer wishes to pay an invoice by phone, once the robot understands their request, the call will be redirected to a secure card payment centre rather than to an agent. If the call concerns the return of a product, the voicebot can answer “I’ll send you an SMS with the procedure to follow.”

In other words, it is a matter of creating a first level of service within multichannel self service for standard and repetitive questions, which relieves customer service congestion.

Requests not included or not satisfied via the bot are then distributed to agents who provide a second level of service.

Not all customers may appreciate this type of “humane” organisation. That is why we recommend that users of our solutions always allow their customers to be connected to a person, whether via a voicebot or a classic IVR.

The Way of the Future: Intelligent Routing Based on Customer Knowledge

New strategies allow you to bypass the IVR step by using the caller’s number and customer knowledge to intelligently route each call to the right person.

The implementation of an intelligent routing strategy is based on communication between the telephony solution and third-party systems storing customer knowledge, primarily CRM systems.

The caller’s number is generally the key to automatically searching within the CRM database for information related to this customer and directing the call directly to the advisor to whom it is attached because of its status, geographic location, language used, history or any other criteria in the CRM.

The first advantage of this routing technique is that the customer has no action/manipulation to perform and the second is that the advisor who answers the call has all the necessary information to recognise the caller and deliver a much more personalised service.

The third advantage is the possibility of using the various CRM fields to prioritise incoming calls according to the importance of the customer to the company or the urgency of the request.

For example, in B2C, an operator within the tourism industry may decide that any customer with a departure within 24 hours has priority in queues, and even more so if the departure is within 12 hours, the reason for the call having a high probability of being urgent.

In B2B, routing will be primarily to the customer’s dedicated contact person, with, in the event of unavailability of the agent, overflow strategies to agents from another platform or contact centre with the required skills.

The fourth advantage, at least for users of the Diabolocom solution interfaced with a CRM, is to be able to implement and develop such routing scenarios, mixing customer knowledge and agent skills, very quickly, according to the needs of the activity – all without requiring a technical representative to implement the solution or write a line of code.

Those who still work with older telephony systems – where any change requires days or even weeks of delay – immediately understand that this autonomy and the resulting responsiveness are not the least of the advantages…

An additional reason to switch to an open telephony system (CRM, voicebot, switch to other contact channels) that gives them the concrete means to reconcile maximising processing rates, customising the experience on the voice channel and achieving a high customer satisfaction level!